Need help with the Lingo? check out the glossary
Articles: knowledge management
The Seven Myths of
Knowledge Management
Author: Marc Rosenberg, DiamondCluster
International Inc
The Seven Myths of Knowledge Management
In the finger-pointing about how U.S. authorities might have gathered
enough information to head off the Sept. 11 terrorist attacks, a shocking
lack of communication came to light. A few months ahead of the attacks, an
FBI agent in Minnesota raised an alarm about Zacarias Moussaoui, thinking
his interest in learning how to fly large jets was related to terrorism.
At the same time, an FBI agent in Phoenix had noticed that a group of
Arabs had enrolled in flight school and thought he could tie the trend to
Osama bin Laden. Yet the two agents never knew about each other's
concerns until too late. Without corroborating evidence, both agents'
concerns never went anywhere.
This sort of breakdown in sharing knowledge-which can result from what
the CIA calls TMI, or Too Much Information-is so common in the corporate
world that businesses will try to solve the problem by investing $12.7
billion in knowledge-management systems in 2005, up from $2.3 billion in
2000, according to research firm IDC (www.idc.com).
Yet, even as they spend all this money, many executives have the sense
that they've been there and done that-with little to show for all the
effort they've put into knowledge management. Is all that investment
being wasted? Or is there some way to do a better job and reap the
benefits of the effort?
If you look at how companies approach knowledge management, you can see
that the problem is in the execution.
Companies commonly make catastrophic mistakes by falling for one of these seven myths:
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IS ABOUT KNOWLEDGE.
"Knowledge" is one of those words that sound great. Who isn't for more and better knowledge? It's almost patriotic. But the real question is: knowledge to what end? Companies that deploy knowledge-management systems hoping they will eventually stumble across a purpose for their knowledge-and there are many such companies-may be in for a long wait. The systems must start and end as all business initiatives should, with a focus on delivering top-line growth, improving operations, and increasing profit margins.
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IS ABOUT THE TECHNOLOGY.
Many companies become so focused on building the knowledge-management system that deploying the technology is all they do. And they fail. One large firm I know built the Rolls Royce of knowledge platforms, a true technological tour de force. But everyone was so busy overengineering the system that they gave too little consideration to how it would operate, to what problem the system was supposed to address, and to how it would integrate with the overarching technology strategy. In the end, the system could not keep up with the rapidly changing business, there was little flexibility to adapt to individual users, and every upgrade became a Herculean task.
THE SYSTEM SHOULD BE SO ALL-ENCOMPASSING THAT IT CAN CURE CANCER AND END WORLD HUNGER.
In fact, if you set enormous expectations, you're almost guaranteed
to fail to live up to them and may be dismissed as a failure. Instead,
realize that you don't have to solve every information problem in your
business on the first day. You should start small, so you can demonstrate
successes and develop evangelists for your efforts.
A telecom company I was involved with took the right approach. Pursuing a
huge contract at a large banking customer, the telecom company leveraged
knowledge-management tools to integrate the efforts of a global sales
team. The team was never caught off guard through the long, arduous sales
cycle and had the agility to win the deal. Based on the visibility of that
success, and on the lessons learned during that initial foray into
knowledge management, this telecom company has been able to extend the
capability to all of its most significant sales activities.
One caveat: You need to think big even as you start small. That's
because you need to make sure that the knowledge-management architecture
that you begin with will still work as you expand to include other parts
of your business.
THE GOAL IS TO CREATE A DOCUMENT REPOSITORY.
Certainly, document management can be a priority if employees often
have trouble finding critical information or carry out redundant efforts
to develop the same information. However, you must focus as much on the
value and reliability of the information as on how the information is
stored.
The research department of a global firm I know found this out the hard
way. It put all its white papers and research reports online but found
that few people used them. Then the firm built a way for people to query
each other-people no longer just looked up information but could find
the scientists who generated the information and ask a precise question.
Employees were delighted. They made better decisions, and in less time.
YOU CAN BUY A READY-MADE SYSTEM.
Wishful thinking. Knowledge-management systems are as individualized as the businesses that use them. While there are plenty of good tools available commercially, the real issue is how those are all tied together company-wide and how they are integrated into your growth, operations, and technology strategies. If your knowledge-management program asks employees to use four search engines, three document-management systems, and six types of collaboration tools, on multiple types of computer systems, you're dead. Individual parts of your business might argue that they should be able to tackle knowledge management on their own, but you're almost always better off being consistent throughout your business.
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IS ABOUT KNOWLEDGE CONTROL.
Companies worry excessively that people will put content in the wrong
place or that they can't be trusted with so much information. They add
layer upon layer of approvals for contributing information or accessing
it-and sap the potential of their systems.
One executive recently told me that his company had instituted an
elaborate system for tracking the relationships it has with
customers-then made sure that all its salesmen had access to very little
of that information, for fear that they might defect to a competitor and
take information with them.
In the end, knowledge management isn't about maintaining a pristine
database. It's about fostering an environment in which people can ask
questions like, "Does anybody know...?" Or, "Who can help me...?"
This means an open system that encourages building relationships through
communities and creating opportunities for personal interaction, across
cubicles and across oceans.
IF YOU BUILD IT, THEY WILL USE IT.
When done right, knowledge management transforms an organization. That
isn't an easy task. Before you deploy your system, you need to consider
the concerns people will have about a new way of doing things. You have to
consider the attributes of your culture that encourage knowledge sharing
and those that encourage hoarding. Most importantly, you have to face up
to the fact that senior executives must provide strong leadership.
Believing any one of these myths is fatal. Merely avoiding them will give
companies a much better chance of getting the right information to the
right people at the right time.
Rosenberg is a senior director with DiamondCluster International
Inc. and the firm's field leader in knowledge management. He can be
reached at marc.rosenberg@diamondcluster.com
.
Article used with permission